Fallacy
A fallacy is any mistaken statement used in an argument. In logic, it specifically means an argument that violates the rules of formal demonstration. Beginning with Aristotle, fallacies have generally been placed in one of three categories: a fallacy (misstatement of facts), a verbal fallacy (improper use of words), or a logical fallacy (also called a formal fallacy—a mistake in the process of inference). The latter two fallacies are called fallacies in dictione (L., in delivery) or in voce (L., in expression), as opposed to material fallacies in re (L. in fact/cause/property) or extra dictionem (outside of/beside delivery).
Related Topics:
Argument - Logic - Aristotle - Logical fallacy - L.
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
A different approach to understanding and classifying fallacies is provided by argumentation theory; see for instance the van Eemeren, Grootendorst reference below. In this approach, an argument is regarded as an interactive protocol between individuals which attempts to resolve a disputed proposition. The protocol is regulated by certain rules of interaction and violations of these rules are fallacies.
Related Topics:
Argumentation theory - Protocol
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
Recognizing fallacies in practical arguments may be difficult since arguments are often structured using rhetorical patterns that obscure the logical connections between assertions. As we illustrate with various examples, fallacies may also exploit the emotions or intellectual or psychological weaknesses of the interlocutor. Having the capability of recognizing logical fallacies in arguments will hopefully reduce the likelihood of such an occurrence.
Related Topics:
Rhetoric - Emotion - Psychological
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
~ Table of Content ~
| ► | Introduction |
| ► | Aristotelian fallacies |
| ► | Other systems of classification |
| ► | Examples of fallacious arguments |
| ► | Fallacies in the media and politics |
| ► | See also |
~ Community ~
| ► | History Forum Come and discuss about History, Civilizations, Historical Events and Figures |
| ► | History Web-Ring A community of sites, blogs and forums dedicated to History. Do not hesitate to submit your site. |
Latest news on fallacy
Fables 10: the Good Prince: fairyland's armies mass for the final (?) battle
The tenth collection of Fables comics, "The Good Prince" (and its companion volume, The Bad Prince) continues to delight with its thoroughgoing exploration of one of the better conceits in comics today. Fables is the long-running, multiple-award-winning comic series in which every legendary being of every land -- and all of the elements of storytelling, like the pathetic fallacy -- are exiled to earth by a cruel and conquering emperor. The Fables creators have lots of room to play with this idea -- fourteen volumes so far, including four spinouts -- and they're really going for it. The side-plots have explored everything from Hollywood's vulnerability to Jack of Fables to the special problems of human-wolf mating, the handling of conspiracy nuts who get too close to the truth, and the claustrophobia of a whole world when you aren't allowed to reveal yourself in it. But all the way through, Fables has been moving toward a conclusion, a major battle in which the Fables try to reclaim their ancestral lands from the evil emperor. And that's where The Good Prince comes in. In this volume, the stage is really set for the final conflict between the two armies, through a set of transformations to some of the series oldest and most complex characters (some of whom have been offstage for a book or two). At nearly 250 pages, this book feels roomier than some of the others, and there's a lot of laying-of-groundwork going on, the sense of pieces being put into place for a major offensive. And for all that, there's still a complete and satisfying chapter in this one. Fables Vol. 10: The Good Prince, Link to all Fables collections, Link to free download of Fables 1 See also: * Jack of Fables: great new Fables collection * Jack of Fables: Jack of Hearts - comic adventures of the legendary Jack continue * Scherezade meets every fable of every land - comic...
LIVE IN A HOUSE WITH A ROOF AND FOUR WALLS (sunset / parkside) $750
Room in a large house in the outer sunset. Right off the L line, our street features a few bars and the best 7-11 in existence. House has four bedrooms, dining room with a bar, kitchen, bathroom, and washer/dryer. Room features great windows, a large closet and get this -- A BUILT IN PENCEL SHARPENER!!! As for the roommates... there's a girl and a boy. Girl is 24 and enjoys books, cooking, chess, and exploring. Boy is 27, non profit employee, water polo player, and tall. We like having small dinner parties and yelling at Jeopardy. Our beloved roommate is moving to LA because IT'S SO MUCH BETTER THERE. This is a fallacy of course but we don't want to crush his dreams. We also have a four legged companion named Elijah who likes cuddling and eating things off the floor. YOU: we're looking for someone who can pay rent on time and is pretty easygoing. If you happen to have a dining room table better than our old granny set that would help but we're not picky. Preference goes to people down for Texas Hold 'Em and happy excursions. Email for open house details, we're looking for someone to move in by the end of the month!
True Lies from the Shoemoney
Vladimir Lenin is attributed as saying ?A lie told often enough becomes truth.? I just came across a bizarre example of this sort of fallacy by the blogger known as the ?Shoemoney.? He wrote a blog post about a recent settlement between MySpace and Media Breakaway with this curious reference? ?Shawn Collins, Close personal friend of Richter?? Now [...]
and are licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
[Under Construction] - Spiritus-Temporis.com ©2005.