Equity

Equity is the name given to a part of the legal system, in those countries following the English common law tradition, that resolves disputes between persons by resort to principles of conscience, fairness and justness. Equity comes into play typically when none of the parties to the dispute has done anything against the law, but their rights or claims are in conflict. Thus, it is to be contrasted with "law," which is the legal principles from the common law, the laws enacted by governments, and the "case law" (the principles set forth in courts' opinions deciding cases).

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Common law: :For other meanings of the term, within the field of law, see common law (disambiguation)....

Case law: Case law (precedential law) is the body of judge-made law and legal decisions that interprets prior case law, statutes and other legal authority -- including doctrinal writings by legal scholars such as the Corpus Juris Secundum, Halsbury's Laws of England or the doctinal writings found in the Recue...