Duke of Argyll

The title Duke of Argyll was created in the peerage of Scotland in 1701 and in the peerage of the United Kingdom in 1892. The Earls, Marquesses, and Dukes of Argyll were for several centuries among the most powerful, if not the most powerful, noble family in Scotland. As such, they played a major role in Scottish history throughout the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries.

Related Topics:
Peerage - Scotland - 1701 - United Kingdom - 1892

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

The Duke holds several subsidiary titles, including: Marquess of Kintyre and Lorne (1701), Earl of Argyll (1457), Earl Campbell and Cowall (1701), Viscount Lochow and Glenyla (1701), Lord Campbell (1445), Lord Lorne (1470), Lord Kintyre (1626), Lord Inverary, Mull, Mover and Tiry (1701), Baron Sundridge (1766) and Baron Hamilton of Hameldon (1776). The courtesy title for the Duke's eldest son and heir is Marquess of Kintyre and Lorne.

Related Topics:
Baron Hamilton of Hameldon - Courtesy title

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

The Duke of Argyll is also the chief of the Scottish clan of Campbell and in this capacity is known as "MacCailean Mor", which is Gaelic, for "Son of Colin the Great" referring to Cailein Mor of Lochawe (Colin of Lochow) who was killed in fighting with the Lord of Lorne in 1294.

Related Topics:
Campbell - Lord of Lorne

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

Sir Colin of Lochow, was knighted in 1280 and his descendant Sir Duncan was created a peer by James II of Scotland in 1445 becoming Duncan Campbell of Lochow, Lord of Argyll, Knight, 1st Lord Campbell. Colin Campbell (c.1433-1493) succeeded his grandfather as the 2nd Lord Campbell in 1453 and was created Earl of Argyll in 1457.

Related Topics:
1280 - James II of Scotland - 1445 - Argyll - 1433 - 1493 - 1453 - 1457

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

The 8th Earl of Argyll was created a marquess in 1641, when Charles I visited Scotland and attempting to quell rising the political crisis. With Oliver Cromwell's victory in England, the marquess became the effective ruler of Scotland. Upon the restoration, the marquess offered his services to King Charles II but was charged with treason and executed in 1661. His lands and titles were forfeited but were restored to his son in 1663, Archibald, who became the 9th Earl of Argyll. In 1685 the 9th Earl was executed for his part in the Monmouth rebellion.

Related Topics:
1641 - Charles I - Oliver Cromwell - 1661 - 1663 - 1685 - Monmouth rebellion

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

On the June 21, 1701 the 9th Earl's son was created Duke of Argyll, Marquess of Kintyre and Lorne, Earl of Campbell and Cowal, Viscount of Lochow and Glenyla, Baron Inverary, Mull, Morvern, and Tiree for his services to William of Orange. His son, the 2nd Duke, was created Baron Chatham and Earl of Greenwich in 1705 as a reward for his support for the Act of Union and further elevated to the title Duke of Greenwich in 1719. Upon his death his Scottish titles passed to his brother and the English titles became extinct.

Related Topics:
June 21 - 1701 - William of Orange - 1705 - Act of Union - 1719

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

The 5th Duke sat as a member of parliament for Glasgow until his father's accession to the Dukedom in 1761 disqualified him from representing a Scottish seat. He then became the member for Dover until 1766, when he was created as Baron Sundridge and obtained the right to sit in the House of Lords.

Related Topics:
Member of parliament - Glasgow - 1761 - Dover - 1766

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

In April 17, 1892, the 8th Duke was created Duke of Argyll in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. Thus, the Duke is one of the only five people to hold two different dukedoms, the others being the Duke of Cornwall and Rothesay, the Duke of Buccleuch and Queensberry, the Duke of Hamilton and Brandon, and the Duke of Richmond, Lennox and Gordon.

Related Topics:
April 17 - 1892 - Duke of Cornwall and Rothesay - Duke of Buccleuch and Queensberry - Duke of Hamilton and Brandon - Duke of Richmond, Lennox and Gordon

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

In the late 19th century the then current Duke of Argyll visited America, and more notably visited Babylon, Long Island, New York. While there, he stayed at the American Hotel situated in the main square of the village. The town's people took a liking to the duke, and festivals and parades took place while he visited there. Just before the turn of the century (1900) the township of Babylon renamed the Bythbourne Lake/Park to Argyle Lake/Park (Argyll evolved to the currently accepted Argyle) in memory of the duke's visit.

Related Topics:
19th century - America - Babylon - Long Island - New York

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~