Doom

Doom (sometimes written DOOM){{ref|title}} is a computer game developed by id Software in 1993, and is one of the seminal titles in the first-person shooter genre. Combining immersive 3D graphics with graphic violence{{ref|ESRB}}, it became both controversial and immensely popular, with a shareware release version that is estimated to have been played by 15 million people. Beyond defining many gameplay elements of first-person shooters, Doom established a subculture by popularizing networked gaming and allowing player-created expansions called WADs. The game's success influenced the mid-1990s boom of first-person shooters to the degree that these games are sometimes known as "Doom clones".

References

; General

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• David Kushner (2003). '. Random House Publishing Group. ISBN 0-3755-0524-5
• John Romero (2002). ROME.RO - 1993: DOOM.
• Hank Leukart (1994). The "Official" Doom FAQ.

; Specific notes

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• {{note|title}} The variations Doom and DOOM have both been used in official contexts. The variation DooM, stylized after the game's logo, is also occasionally encountered, but has fallen out of use almost completely in recent years.
• {{note|ESRB}} Entertainment Software Rating Board (1999-2004): ESRB game ratings. Retrieved December 4, 2004.
• {{note|story}} id Software (1993). The Doom instruction manual. Unofficial transcript of the story.
• {{note|DWCarmack}} Doomworld. Interview with John Carmack. Retrieved December 4, 2004
• {{note|bible}} Tom Hall (1992). The Doom Bible. Published online by Doomworld in 1998.
• {{note|MoDdesign}} Masters of Doom, pp. 134-135
• {{note|MoDMicrosoft}} Masters of Doom, p. 197
• {{note|sales}} Various sources; see The Doom Wiki: Sales for a discussion
• {{note|idgamesCount}} The Doomworld /idgames database gives the most recently uploaded file an id of 13831 (September 3, 2005)
• {{note|GamespyClones}} Benjamin Turner & Kevin Bowen (December 11, 2003). "Bringin' in the DOOM Clones". GameSpy.
• {{note|Grossman}} Stated on 60 Minutes and the NBC Today Show. Irvine, Reed & Kincaid, Cliff. "Video Games Can Kill". Accuracy In Media. (May 10, 1999)
• {{note|Columbine}} Basement Tapes - quotes and transcripts from Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold's video tapes
• {{note|no1}} GameSpy's Top 50 Games of All Time
• {{note|Nightmare}} Hegyi, Adam. Player profile for Thomas "Panter" Pilger.