Doctor Mabuse

Dr. Mabuse is a villainous fictional character, created by Norbert Jacques, but made most famous by the three films German director Fritz Lang made about him over a period of almost forty years. Though the character was designed to deliberately mimic pulp-style villains in the mold of Dr. Fu Manchu and particularly Fantômas, the latter of which was a direct inspiration, Jacques' aim was both to capture the commercial success of such pulp tales and to make political comment on the establishment of the day, in much the same way that the silent film The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari had done just a few years previously.

Filmography

• 1922 Dr. Mabuse, der Spieler (dir. Fritz Lang)
• English title: Dr. Mabuse, the Gambler
• 1933 Das Testament des Dr. Mabuse (dir. Fritz Lang)
• English title: The Testament of Dr. Mabuse (may also be translated as The Last Will of Dr. Mabuse)
• The Crimes of Dr. Mabuse is a not-very-faithful adaptation of Testament made primarily for American audiences.
• A French-language version was filmed at the same time, on the same sets, but with an entirely different cast (except for one actor who spoke both German and French fluently, and Klein-Rogge, whose dialogue remained in German.)
• 1960 Die 1000 Augen des Dr. Mabuse (dir. Fritz Lang - the first of the Mabuse films that was produced by Artur Brauner)
• English title: The Thousand Eyes of Dr. Mabuse
• 1961 Im Stahlnetz des Dr. Mabuse (dir. Harald Reinl)
• English title: The Return of Dr. Mabuse
• 1962 Die unsichtbaren Krallen des Dr. Mabuse (dir. Harald Reinl)
• English title: The Invisible Dr. Mabuse (literally: The Invisible Claws of Dr. Mabuse)
• 1962 Das Testament des Dr. Mabuse (dir. Werner Klingler - remake of the 1933 film)
• English title: The Testament of Dr. Mabuse
• 1963 Scotland Yard jagt Dr. Mabuse (dir. Paul May)
• English title: Dr. Mabuse vs. Scotland Yard (literally: Scotland Yard Hunts Dr. Mabuse)
• 1964 Die Todesstrahlen des Dr. Mabuse (dir. Hugo Fregonese)
• English title: The Death Ray of Dr. Mabuse (literally: The Death Rays of Dr. Mabuse)