Diatom

Diatoms are a major group of eukaryotic algae, and are one of the most common types of phytoplankton. Most diatoms are unicellular, although some form chains or simple colonies. A characteristic feature of diatom cells is that they are encased within a unique cell wall made of silicate. These walls show a wide diversity in form, some quite beautiful and ornate.

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There are more than 200 genera of living diatoms, and it is estimated that there are approximately 100 000 extant species (Round & Crawford, 1990). Diatoms are a widespread group and can be found in the oceans, in freshwater, in soils and on damp surfaces. Most live pelagically in open water, although some live as surface films at the water-sediment interface, or even under damp atmospheric conditions. They are especially important in oceans, where they are estimated to contribute up to 45% of the total oceanic primary production (Mann, 1999).

Eukaryotic: REDIRECT Eukaryote...

Alga: REDIRECT Algae...

Phytoplankton: Phytoplankton refers to the autotrophic component of the plankton that drifts in the water column. The name comes from the Greek terms, phyton or "plant" and pilambdalphagammakappa au u, meaning "wanderer" or "drifter". Most phytoplankton are too small to be individually seen with the unaided eye....