Diagonal system of control

The diagonal system of control is the system of positioning used by match officials (referees and assistant referees) in association football (soccer).

Related Topics:
Referees - Assistant referee - Association football

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The diagonal system of control (DSC) can best be described by outlining the basic duties of the three match officials.

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First, the two assistant referees each patrol half of a single touchline on opposite sides of the field. For example, on a field running north-south, one assistant referee (AR) would run on the eastern touchline from the north goal line to the halfway line, while the other assistant referee would run on the western touchline from the south goal line to the halfway line. In general, the assistant referees duties would be to indicate (using their flags); when an offside offence has occurred in their half, when a ball has left the pitch, and if a foul has been executed out of the view of the referee (typically in their quadrant of the field). Generally, the AR will position themself in line with either the second to last opponent or the ball — whichever is closer to the goal line — in order to better judge offside infractions. However, the assitant referee will have specific positioning with respect to corner kicks, penalty kicks, and throw-ins.

Related Topics:
Touchline - Offside offence - Corner kick - Penalty kicks - Throw-in

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The center referee patrols the length of the field, generally running in a diagonal pattern from the southeast quadrant of the field towards the northwest quadrant; hence the term "diagonal system of control". Note that this pattern is not a specific route, but a general guideline that should be modified to the style of play, nature of the game, the location of play at a given time, etc. The main idea is that the referee and assistants using the DSC should be able to position themselves quickly and easily to observe the important aspects of play (offside, ball in or out of play, goal-scoring opportunities, challenges for the ball) from multiple angles with multiple sets of eyes.

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Note that the description above refers to a left diagonal system of control, known as "running a left". If, before the match, the center referee on this field decides to run from southwest to northeast, then the assisants must position themselves accordingly and the result will be a right diagonal system of control, otherwise refereed to as "running a right".

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