Deed

A deed is a legal instrument used to grant a right. The deed is best known as the method of transferring title to real estate from one person to another. However, by the general definition, powers of attorney, commissions, patents, and even diplomas conferring academic degrees are also deeds.

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Historically under common law, for an instrument to be a valid deed it needed five things:

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• It must indicate that the instrument itself conveys some privilege or thing to someone. This is indicated by using the word hereby or the phrase by these presents in the sentence indicating the gift.
• The person receiving the privilege or thing must have the legal capacity to receive it.
• The grantor must have the legal ability to grant the thing or privilege.
• A seal must be affixed to it. Most jurisdictions have eliminated this requirement and replaced it with the signature of the grantor. However, for conveyances of real estate, most jurisdictions require that the deed be acknowleged before a notary public or a civil law notary and some may require a witness or witnesses in addition.
• It must be delivered to and accepted by the recipient.

Conditions attached to the acceptance of a deed are known as covenants.

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In the United States of America, a pardon of the President was at one time considered to be a deed and thus needed to be accepted by the recipient. This made it impossible to grant a pardon posthumously. However, in the case of Henry Ossian Flipper, this view was altered when President Bill Clinton pardoned him in 1999.

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In some jurisdictions, a deed of trust is used as an equivalent to a mortgage.

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In some jurisdictions (especially New Zealand) a deed of endowment is used as an equivalent to a Royal Charter, often used to establish educational or medical institutions. One such example is when the Governor of New Zealand, Sir George Grey, established the Auckland and Wellington Grammar schools in 1850.

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In the transfer of real estate, a deed conveys ownership from the old owner (the grantor) to the new owner (the grantee), and can include various warranties. The precise name of these warranties differ by jurisdiction. However the basic difference between them is the degree to which the grantor warrants the title. The grantor may give a general warranty of title against any claims, or the warranty may be limited only to claims which occurred after the grantor obtained the real estate. The latter type of deed is usually known as a special warranty deed. While a general warranty deed is normally used for residenial real estate sales and transfers, special warranty deeds more commonly used in commercial transactions. A third type of deed, known as a bargain and sale deed, implies that the grantor has the right to convey title but makes no warranties against encumbrances. This type of deed is most commonly used by court officials or fiduciaries that hold the property by force of law rather than title, such as properties seized for unpaid taxes and sold at sheriff's sale. A so-called quitclaim deed is (in most states) actually not a deed at all--it is actually an estoppel disclaiming rights of the person signing it to property.

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Usually the transfer of ownership of real estate is registered at a cadastre in the United Kingdom. In most parts of the United States, deeds must be submitted to the Recorder of deeds to be registered.

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Legal instrument: Legal instrument is a legal term of art that is used for any written legal document such as a certificate, a deed, a will, an Act of Parliament or a law passed by a competent legislative body in municipal (domestic) or international law. Many legal instruments were written under seal by affixing a w...

Grant: Grant...

Right: :For the direction right, see left and right or starboard. For the political trend or ideology, see Right-wing politics....

Deed related Images and Photos (experimental)

Dirty Deed	Judge John Deed: Season One (DVD)	Judge John Deed: Season Two (DVD)	Judge John Deed: Season Four
Judge John Deed: Season Five	Judge John Deed: Season Three	Purchase Deed by Joseph Bonaparte of Milelli Domains	Disney Peter Pan Dastardly Deed Hand Painted Cel
Tsar Ivan III Tearing the Deed of Tatar Khan 1862