Column

:For other uses of 'column', see Column (disambiguation)

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In architecture and structural engineering, a column is that part of a structure whose purpose is to transmit through compression the weight of the structure. Other compression members are often termed columns because of the similar stress conditions. Columns can be either compounded of parts or made as a single piece. Columns are frequently used to support beams or arches on which the upper parts of walls or ceilings rest.

Related Topics:
Architecture - Structural engineering - Compression - Compression member - Beam - Arch

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In the architecture of ancient Egypt as early as 2600 BC the architect Imhotep made use of stone columns whose surface was carved to reflect the organic form of bundled reeds; in later Egyptian architecture faceted cylinders were also common.

Related Topics:
Ancient Egypt - 2600 BC - Imhotep

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Some of the most elaborate columns in the ancient world were those of Persia especially the massive stone columns erected in Persepolis. They included double-bull structures in their capitals. The Hall of Hundred Columns at Persepolis, measuring 70 x 70 meters was built by the Achaemenid king Artaxerxes I (465-424). Many of the ancient Persian columns are standing.

Related Topics:
Persia - Persepolis - The Hall of Hundred Columns - Achaemenid - Artaxerxes I

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The impost (or pier) is the topmost member of a column. The bottom-most part of the arch, called the springer, rests on the impost.

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