Civil Constitution of the Clergy

The law of the Civil Constitution of the Clergy (Fr. "Constitution civile du clergé"), passed July 12, 1790 during the French Revolution, subordinated the Roman Catholic Church in France to the French government.

Debate over the Civil Constitution

On February 6, 1790, one week before banning monastic vows, the National Constituent Assembly asked its ecclesiastical committee (which was promptly expanded from 15 to 30 members) to prepare the reorganization of the clergy. No doubt, those who hoped to reach a solution amenable to the papacy were discouraged by the consistorial address of March 22, in which Pius VI spoke out against measures already passed by the Assembly; also, the election of the Protestant Jean-Paul Rabaut Saint-Etienne to the presidency of the Assembly brought about "commotions" http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13009a.htm at Toulouse and Nimes, suggesting that at least some Catholics would accept nothing less than a return to the ancien régime practice under which only Catholics could hold office.

Related Topics:
February 6 - National Constituent Assembly - March 22 - Jean-Paul Rabaut Saint-Etienne - Toulouse - Nimes - Ancien régime

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The Civil Constitution of the Clergy came before the Assembly May 29, 1790. Bonal, Bishop of Clermont, and some members of the Right requested that the project should be submitted to a national council or to the pope.http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13009a.htm, but did not carry the day. Joining them in their opposition to the legislation was Abbé Sieyès, the firebrand of 1789, author of "What is the third estate?".

Related Topics:
May 29 - Clermont - Abbé Sieyès - Third estate

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Conversely, the Jansenist theologian Camus argued that the plan was in perfect harmony with the New Testament and the councils of the fourth century. http://www.dabar.org/Religion/RED/R-Words/Redrevolution.htm

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The Assembly passed the Civil Constitution on July 12, 1790, two days before the anniversary of the storming of the Bastille. On that anniversary, Talleyrand and three hundred priests officiated at the "altar of the nation" erected on the Champs-de-Mars, wearing tricolor waistbands over their priestly vestments and calling down God's blessing upon the Revolution.

Related Topics:
Storming of the Bastille - Talleyrand - Champs-de-Mars

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