Citric acid

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Properties

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General

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Name

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Citric acid

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Chemical formula

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C6H8O7, or alternatively:

Related Topics:
C - H - O

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CH2(COOH)•COH(COOH)•CH2(COOH)

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Formula weight

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192.13 u

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Synonyms

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2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid

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SMILES

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OC(CC(=O)O)(CC(=O)O)C(=O)O

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CAS number

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77-92-9

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Phase behavior

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Melting point

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426 K (153 °C)

Related Topics:
K - °C

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Thermal decomposition temperature

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448 K (175 °C)

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Acid-base properties

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pKa1

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3.15

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pKa2

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4.77

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pKa3

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5.19

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Solid properties

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ΔfH0

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-1543.8 kJ/mol

Related Topics:
KJ - Mol

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S0

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252.1 J/(mol·K)

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Cp

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226.5 J/(mol·K)

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Density

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1.665 ×103 kg/m3

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Safety

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Acute effects

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Skin and eye irritant.

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Chronic effects

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None.

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More info

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Properties

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NIST WebBook

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MSDS

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Hazardous Chemical Database

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SI units were used where possible. Unless otherwise stated, standard conditions were used.

Related Topics:
SI - Standard

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Disclaimer and references

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Citric acid is a weak organic acid found in citrus fruits. It is a good, natural preservative and is also used to add an acidic (sour) taste to foods and soft drinks. In biochemistry, it is important as an intermediate in the citric acid cycle and therefore occurs in the metabolism of almost all living things. It also serves as an environmentally benign cleaning agent and acts as an antioxidant.

Related Topics:
Organic - Acid - Citrus fruit - Preservative - Soft drink - Biochemistry - Citric acid cycle - Metabolism - Antioxidant

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Citric acid exists in a variety of fruits and vegetables, but it is most concentrated in lemons and limes, where it can comprise as much as 8% of the dry weight of the fruit.

Related Topics:
Lemon - Lime

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Citric acid's chemical formula is C6H8O7 and its structure is shown at right. This structure is reflected in its IUPAC name 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid.

Related Topics:
Chemical formula - C₆ - H₈ - O₇ - IUPAC - Hydroxy - Propane - Carboxylic acid

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