Cinematography

Although literally it means writing the movement, the term cinematography is generally understood as the art and process of recording visual images for the cinema (with a camera) and later developing those images in a laboratory. Thus, it has as much to do with lighting and photography as it does with film.

Special effects

The first special effects in the cinema were created while the film was being shot. These came to be known as "in-camera" effects. Later, optical and digital effects were developed so that editors could more tightly control the process by manipulating the film in post-production.

Related Topics:
In-camera - Optical - Digital effects - Post-production

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For examples of many in-camera special effects, see the work of early filmmaker Georges Méliès.

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Fast-motion and Slow-motion cinematography

By varying the speed at which a strip of film moves through the camera, one may create fast or slow motion. For instance, if film is shot at 18 frame/s and then later projected at the standard 24 frame/s, all the action will appear speeded up.

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