Chromosome

:For information about chromosomes in genetic algorithms, see Chromosome (genetic algorithm).

Karyotype

To determine the (diploid) number of chromosomes of an organism, cells can be locked in metaphase in vitro (in a reaction vial) with colchicine. These cells are then stained (the name chromosome was given because of their ability to be stained), photographed and arranged into a karyotype (an ordered set of chromosomes, Fig. 3), also called karyogram. Like many sexually reproducing species, humans have special gonosomes (sex chromosomes, in

Related Topics:
In vitro - Colchicine - Karyotype - Gonosomes

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contrast to autosomes for body functions). These are XX in females and XY in males. In females, one of the two X chromosomes is inactive and can be seen under a microscope as Barr bodies.

Related Topics:
Autosome - Barr bodies

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