Chromatid

A chromatid forms one part of a chromosome after it has coalesced for the process of mitosis or meiosis. During either process, the word "chromosome" indicates a pair of two exactly identical ("sister") chromatids joined at the central point of each chromatid, called the centromere.

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A chromosome, by definition, has exactly one centromere. Thus when sister chromatids are pulled apart by the mitotic spindle during anaphase -- that is, when the centromere joining two sister chromatids splits into two centromeres -- then each sister chromatid becomes an independent chromosome.

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In non-gametic, non-dividing human cells, there are 23 pairs of chromosomes, thus 46 chromosomes. When it is ready for mitosis cell divition, each chromosome will replicate itself during the Synthesis phase within its life cycle, making a total of 92 chromatids (remember, since the term "chromosome" is redefined, the number of chromosomes remains 46 despite the replication).

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In gametic, meiosis cell division, 23 chromosome are left in the egg cell or sperm cell. (as it needs 23chromosomes from male and female to make 46 chromosome for the zygote)

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Chromosome: :For information about chromosomes in genetic algorithms, see Chromosome (genetic algorithm)....

Mitosis: In biology, mitosis is the process by which a cell separates its duplicated genome into two identical halves. It is generally followed immediately by cytokinesis which divides the cytoplasm and cell membrane. This results in two identical daughter cells with a roughly equal distribution of organel...

Meiosis: :For the article on the figure of speech, see meiosis (figure of speech)....