Chalcedon

Chalcedon (Χαλκεδον, sometimes transliterated by purists as Chalkedon; see also List of traditional Greek place names) was an ancient maritime town of Bithynia, in Asia Minor, almost directly opposite Byzantium, south of Scutari (modern Üsküdar).

Related Topics:
Transliterated - List of traditional Greek place names - Bithynia - Asia Minor - Byzantium - Scutari

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It was a Megarian colony founded on a site so obviously inferior to that which was within view on the opposite shore, that it received from the oracle the name of "the City of the Blind."

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In its early history it shared the fortunes of Byzantium, was taken by the satrap Otanes, vacillated long between the Lacedaemonian and the Athenian interests, and was at last bequeathed to the Roman Republic by Attalus III of Pergamum (133 b.c.).

Related Topics:
Satrap - Lacedaemonian - Athenian - Roman Republic - Attalus III - Pergamum - 133 b.c.

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It was partly destroyed by Mithradates, but recovered during the Empire, and in AD. 451 was the location of the Council of Chalcedon.

Related Topics:
Mithradates - 451 - Council of Chalcedon

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It fell under the repeated attacks of the barbarian hordes who crossed over after having ravaged Byzantium, and furnished an encampment to the Persians under Chosroes, c. 616-626. The Turks used it as a quarry for building materials for Constantinople.

Related Topics:
Barbarian - Persians - Chosroes - 616 - 626 - Turks - Constantinople

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To the south are the ruins of Panteichion (mod. Pendik), where Belisarius is said to have lived in retirement.

Related Topics:
Panteichion - Belisarius

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The name of the mineral chalcedony is derived from that of this town.

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It is today Kadıköy, a district of Istanbul, Turkey.

Related Topics:
Kadıköy - Istanbul - Turkey

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