Carisbrooke Castle

:For the New Zealand sports venue, see Carisbrook (stadium)

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The site of Carisbrooke Castle, near Newport, Isle of Wight may have been occupied in pre-Roman times. The existence of a ruined wall suggests there was a building there in late Roman times. The Jutes may have taken over the fort and the by the late 7th century. An Anglo-Saxon stronghold occupied the site during the 8th century. Around 1000, a wall was built around the hill as a defence against Viking raids. After the Norman Conquest, William the Conqueror gave the Isle of Wight to his friend William fitzOsbern who built a wooden structure. The castle is mentioned in Domesday book under Alvington, and was probably raised by fitzOsbern, who was made first lord of the Isle of Wight.

Related Topics:
Newport, Isle of Wight - Jutes - 7th century - Anglo-Saxon - 8th century - Viking - Norman Conquest - William the Conqueror - William fitzOsbern - Domesday book

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From this date lordship of the Isle of Wight was always associated with ownership of the castle, which thus became the seat of government of the island. Henry I gave it to Richard de Redvers, in whose family it continued until Isabella de Fortibus sold it to Edward I, after which the government was entrusted to wardens as representatives of the crown. The castle was garrisoned by Baldwin de Redvers for the Empress Matilda in 1136, but was captured by Stephen. In the reign of Richard II it was unsuccessfully attacked by the French (1377). The keep was added to the castle in the reign of Henry I, and in the reign of Elizabeth I, when the Spanish Armada was expected, it was surrounded by an elaborate pentagonal fortification by Sir George Carey.

Related Topics:
Henry I - Edward I - Empress Matilda - 1136 - Stephen - Richard II - 1377 - Elizabeth I - Spanish Armada - George Carey

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Charles I was imprisoned here for fourteen months before his execution. Afterwards his two youngest children were confined in the castle, and the Princess Elizabeth died there. Most recently it was the home of Princess Beatrice, daughter of Queen Victoria, as Governor of Isle of Wight, 1896-1944.

Related Topics:
Charles I - Princess Beatrice - Governor of Isle of Wight - 1896 - 1944

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In 1904 the chapel of St Nicholas in the castle was reopened and re-consecrated, having been rebuilt as a national memorial of Charles I. Within. the walls is a well 200 ft. deep; and another in the centre of the keep is reputed to have been still deeper.

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Carisbrooke was the strongest castle on the island, though it does not dominate the countryside like many other castles.

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There are traces of a Roman fort underneath the later buildings. Seventy-one steps lead up to the keep; the reward is a fine view. In the centre of the castle enclosure are the domestic buildings; these are mostly of the 13th century, with upper parts of the 16th. Some are in ruins, but the main rooms were used as the official residence of the Governor of the Isle of Wight until the 1940s, and they remain in good repair.

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The Great Hall, Great Chamber, and several smaller rooms are open to the public, and an upper room houses the Isle of Wight Museum. Most rooms are partly furnished, but on the whole it is the fireplaces and other features of the rooms themselves which are most interesting.

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One of the main subjects of the Museum is King Charles I. He tried to escape from the castle in 1648, but was unable to get through the bars of his window.

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Near the domestic buildings is the well-house with its working donkey wheel. As it is still operated by donkeys, the wheel is a great attraction and creates long queues. Next to the main gate is the chapel.

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Surrounding the whole castle are large earthworks, designed by the Italian Federigo Gianibelli, and begun in the year before the Spanish Armada. They were finished in the 1590s. The outer gate has the date 1598 and the arms of Queen Elizabeth I.

Related Topics:
Federigo Gianibelli - Spanish Armada - 1598 - Elizabeth I

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The name of the castle is echoed in a very different structure on the other side of the world. A visit to the castle by James Macandrew, one of the founders of the New Zealand city of Dunedin, led to him naming his estate "Carisbrook". The name of the estate was later used for Dunedin's main sporting venue.

Related Topics:
James Macandrew - New Zealand - Dunedin - Dunedin's main sporting venue

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