Calvin cycle

The Calvin cycle (also known as Calvin-Benson cycle) is a series of biochemical reactions taking place in the chloroplasts of photosynthetic organisms. It was discovered by Melvin Calvin and Andy Benson at the University of California, Berkeley. It is one of the light-independent reactions and occurs in the stroma.

Related Topics:
Biochemical - Chloroplast - Photosynthetic - Organism - Melvin Calvin - Andy Benson - University of California, Berkeley - Light-independent reaction - Stroma

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During photosynthesis, light energy has been converted into chemical energy stored in ATP and NADPH. The light-independent Calvin cycle uses the energy from these short-lived energy carriers to convert carbon dioxide into organic compounds that can be used by the organism. This set of reactions is also called carbon fixation. The key enzyme of the cycle is called RubisCO. The following equations assume that the phosphates are in their ionized form. In reality, the carboxylic acids are ionized... but it isn't easy to show a dehydration reaction with an ionized carboxylic acid.

Related Topics:
Light - ATP - NADPH - Carbon dioxide - Organic compound - Carbon fixation - Enzyme - RubisCO

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The total sum of reactions in the Calvin cycle is the following:

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:6 CO2 + 12 NADPH + 12 H2O + 18 ATP → C6H12O6 + 12 NADP+ + 18 ADP + 18 Pi

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