Caesarean section

A caesarean section (cesarean section AE), or C-section, is a form of childbirth in which a surgical incision is made through a mother's abdomen (laparotomy) and uterus (hysterotomy) to deliver one or more babies. It is usually performed when a vaginal delivery would lead to medical complications.

Types

There are several types of caesarean sections (CS):

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• The classical section involves a midline longitudinal incision which allows a larger space to deliver the baby. However, it is rarely performed today as it more prone to potential complications.
• The lower segment section is the procedure most commonly used today; it involves a transverse cut just above the edge of the bladder and results in less blood loss and is easier to repair.
• A Caesarian hysterectomy consists of a caesarian section first followed by removal of the uterus. This may be done in cases of intractable bleeding or when the placenta cannot be separated from the uterus.
• Traditionally other forms of CS had been used, i.e. extraperitoneal CS or Porro CS.

In modern practice the father is usually encouraged to attend the caesarian section to support and share the experience with his partner. The anaesthetist will usually lower the drape temporarily as the child is delivered so the parents can see their newborn. This is the view that the father can expect of their newborn child. The mother's view is similar but from a lower angle.

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