Buchenwald

Buchenwald was a Nazi concentration camp established on Ettersberg Hill near Weimar, Thuringia, Germany, in July 1937. The name "Buchenwald" is German for "beech forest", as the camp was located in Buchenwald forest. The prisoners were used as slave labour in local armament factories.

Well-known prisoners

• Jean Améry writer
• Bruno Bettelheim child psychologist
• Léon Blum French politician, former head of the French government
• Dietrich Bonhoeffer protestant theologician and prominent member of the Confessing Church
• Rudolf Breitscheid, former member of the SPD and leader of its faction in the Reichstag of the Weimar Republic before the Nazi seizure of power in 1933
• Robert Clary French actor, Corporal Louis LeBeau on the television series Hogan's Heroes
• Seweryn Franciszek Czetwerty?ski-?wiatope?k, Polish politician
• Maurice Halbwachs French sociologist, died in the camp in 1945
• Curt Herzstark
• Imre Kertész writer, Nobel Literature Prize winner
• Artur London, senior Czech communist and writer, future government minister
• Hélie Denoix de Saint Marc, member of the French resistance, later involved in an attempted putsch against the French government
• Mafalda Maria Elisabetta of Savoy Princess, daughter of King Victor Emmanuel III and Elena Petrovich of Montenegro.
• Jura Soyfer writer, dramatist
• Ernst Thälmann leader of the Communist Party of Germany
• Elie Wiesel writer, Nobel Peace Prize winner