Bristol

:This article is about the English city of Bristol. For other uses please see Bristol (disambiguation).

Aeronautics

In the 20th century, Bristol's manufacturing activities expanded to include aircraft production at Filton, six miles (10 km) north of the city centre, by the Bristol Aeroplane Company, and aero-engine manufacture by Bristol Aero Engines (later Rolls-Royce) at Patchway. The aeroplane company became famous for the WWI Bristol Fighter, and Second World War Blenheim and Beaufighter aircraft. In the 1950s it became one of the country's major manufacturers of civil aircraft, with the Bristol Freighter and Britannia and the huge Brabazon airliner.

Related Topics:
20th century - Filton - Bristol Aeroplane Company - Bristol Aero Engines - Rolls-Royce - Patchway - WWI - Bristol Fighter - Second World War - Blenheim - Beaufighter - 1950s

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In the 1960s it would play a key role in the Anglo-French Concorde supersonic airliner project. Concorde components were manufactured in British and French factories and shipped to the two final assembly plants by road, sea and air. The French assembly lines were in Toulouse in southern France with the British lines in Filton. Luckily the very large three-bayed hangar built for the Bristol Brabazon was available.

Related Topics:
Concorde - Toulouse - Filton - Bristol Brabazon

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The French manufactured the centre fuselage and centre wing and the British the nose, rear fuselage, fin and wingtips. The largest proportion of the British share of the work was the powerplant, the Rolls-Royce/Snecma 593. The engine's manufacture was split between British Aircraft Corporation, Rolls-Royce (Filton) and SNECMA at Villaroche near Paris.

Related Topics:
British Aircraft Corporation - Rolls-Royce - SNECMA - Paris

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The British Concorde prototype G-BSST made its 22 minute maiden flight from Filton to RAF Fairford on 9 April 1969, the French prototype F-WTSS had flown from Toulouse five weeks earlier. Most of the employees of BAC and Rolls Royce, plus a huge crowd, watched from around the airfield. Fairford was chosen as the test airfield for Concorde because the runway at Filton was rejected for test flying, its length was inadequate and there were problems with the slope, and the first 1000 feet (300 m) of the runway at its eastern (A38) end could not be used. However, from the end of 1977, all test flying on the second production aircraft G-BBDG was done from Filton, following the closure of the BAC Fairford test base.

Related Topics:
G-BSST - 9 April - 1969 - F-WTSS - G-BBDG

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In 2003 the two airlines using Concorde (British Airways and Air France) and the company supplying spares and support (Airbus) made the decision to cease flying the aircraft and to retire them to locations (mostly museums) around the world. For the precise location of all the aircraft see Concorde.

Related Topics:
British Airways - Air France - Airbus - Concorde

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On 26 November 2003, Concorde 216 (G-BOAF) made the final ever Concorde flight, returning to Filton airfield to be kept there permanently as the centrepiece of a projected air museum. This museum will include the existing Bristol Aero Collection which is currently kept in a hangar at Kemble Airfield, forty miles (60 km) from Filton. This collection includes a Bristol Britannia aircraft which would presumably also be brought to Bristol.

Related Topics:
26 November - 2003 - G-BOAF - Bristol Britannia

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The major aeronautical forces in Bristol now are BAE Systems, Airbus and Rolls-Royce, all based at Filton.

Related Topics:
Airbus - Rolls-Royce

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Another major aeronautical company in the city is Cameron Balloons, the world's largest manufacturer of hot air balloons. Annually, in August, the city is host to the Bristol International Balloon Fiesta, one of Europe's largest hot air balloon events.

Related Topics:
Cameron Balloons - Hot air balloons - Bristol International Balloon Fiesta

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