Breastfeeding

Breastfeeding is when a woman feeds an infant, toddler or a young child with milk produced from her breasts, usually directly from the nipples. Babies have a sucking instinct that enables them to take in the milk.

References

Printed references:

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• Breastfeeding, Biocultural Perspectives; Editors Patricia Stuart-Macadam & Katherine A. Dettwyler.
• Hausman, Bernice (2003). Mother's Milk: Breastfeeding Controversies in American Culture. New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-41596-656-6
• La Leche League (2003). The Breastfeeding Answer Book.
• Lothrop, H. (1998). Breastfeeding Naturally, Fisher Books, USA. ISBN 1-55561-131-1
• Mercurialis, H. (1583). De Morbis Puerorum.
• Minchin, M. (1985). Breastfeeding matters, Almo Press Publications, Australia. ISBN 0-86861-810-1
• Moody, J., Britten, J. and Hogg, K. (1996). Breastfeeding your baby, National Childbirth Trust, UK. ISBN 0-72253-635-6
• Pryor, Gail. (1996). Nursing Mother, Working Mother: The Essential Guide for Breastfeeding and Staying Close to Your Baby After You Return to Work. Harvard Common Press ISBN 1-55832-117-9.
• Royal College of Midwives (1991). Successful Breastfeeding: A Practical Guide for Midwives, Royal College of Midwives, London.
• Stuart-Macadam, P. and Dettwyler, K. (1995). Breastfeeding: Biocultural Perspectives (Foundations of Human Behavior), Aldine de Gruyter. ISBN 0-20201-192-5
• Perez-Reyes M, Wall ME Presence of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol in human milk. N Engl J Med 1982; 307:819-820 PMID 6287261
• Astley SJ, Little RE., Maternal marijuana use during lactation and infant development at one year. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1990 Mar-Apr;12(2):161-8. PMID 2333069

Website references:

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• American Academy of Pediatrics Policy Statement on Breastfeeding
• 4woman.gov – US Department of Health & Human Services Breastfeeding resource page
• Breastfeeding NHS – UK NHS Breastfeeding strategy
• Royal Australasian College of Physicians Paediatric Policy: Brreastfeeding
• ADC Online journals
• American Family Physician Initial Management of Breastfeeding by Keith Sinusas and Amy Galgliardi
• Linkages Project Benefits of Breastfeeding USAID Program
• Benefits of breastfeeding United States Breastfeeding Committee
• Breastfeeding is Priceless No Substitute for Human Milk Coalition for Improving Maternity Services
• Breastfeed-essentials.com
• Plan International
• La Leche League International – An international organisation whose mission is to help mothers worldwide to breastfeed through mother-to-mother support, encouragement, information, and education and to promote a better understanding of breastfeeding as an important element in the healthy development of the baby and mother
• WhyQuit.com – Anti-smoking site with numerous links in the "Known Breastfeeding Risk Factors" section
• Mama's Baby: Happy, Healthy and Breastfed Black Women's health Imperative
• The Adoptive Breastfeeding Resource Website

Infant pain and breastfeeding

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• American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Psychosocial Aspects of Child and Family Health; Task Force on Pain in Infants, Children, and Adolescents. The assessment and management of acute pain in infants, children, and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2001 Sep;108(3):793-7.
• Howard CR, Howard FM, Weitzman ML. Acetaminophen analgesia in neonatal circumcision: the effect on pain. Pediatrics. 1994;93(4):641-6.
• The Womanly Art of Breastfeeding, Third Edition, July 1981. Pages 92-93 Elective Surgery for you or baby
• See also the section on circumcision and breastfeeding in Medical analysis of circumcision

Health risks of formula feeding

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• Health risks of not breastfeeding US Department of Health & Human Services
• The Risks of Infant Formula Feeding breastfeeding task force of greater Los Angeles
• Breastfeeding and the Risk of Postneonatal Death in the United States Pediatrics, Vol. 113 No. 5 May 2004 & resulting correspondence
• Supplementation of the Breastfed Baby "Just One Bottle Won't Hurt" ...or Will It? by Marsha Walker RN IBCLC (National Alliance for Breastfeeding Advocacy)
• Salon.com Formula for disaster by Katie Allison Granju
• What should I know about infant formula? Kellymom.com (contains links to other websites)
• National Alliance for Breastfeeding Advocacy contains links to other articles including:
• - Contaminents in Infant Formula
• - Recalls of Infant Feeding Products
• Antidepressants, Antipsychotics, Benzodiazepines, and the Breastfeeding Dyad Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, Apr-Jun 2004, by Kirsten J. Malone This article discusses the risks to both mother and child of formula feeding and attempts to weigh them against the risk to infants of absorbing psychotropic druge through breastmilk.