Billboard (advertising)

A billboard or hoarding is a large outdoor signboard, usually wooden, found in places with high traffic such as cities, roads, motorways and highways. Billboards show large advertisements aimed at passing pedestrians and drivers. The vast majority of billboards are rented to advertisers rather than owned by them.

References

General references

• Outdoor Advertising Association of America homepage
• OAAA's history of outdoor advertising
• Scenic America website
• Creating Award-Winning Outdoor ? a wonderful billboard style guide, with plenty of humorous examples
• Mobile Billboard Gallery of Images
• Scenic America Billboard Information ? Scenic America's huge reservoir of information on billboards including statistics on how many there are.
• External-To-Vehicle Driver Distraction by Dr Brendan Wallace of Scotland Executive Social Research ? study on normal billboards and accidents
• A history of Wall Drug, the store built on highway billboards
• Billboard Liberation Front
• Billboards coming down in city centre to reveal glimpses of classical Athens

Legal history in the United States

• Highway Beautification Act ? 23 U.S.C. Section 131
• 23 Code of Federal Regulations ? Part 750 (Highway Beautification)
• Analysis of 23 C.F.R. Part 750 Subpart G, in the Federal Register (40 FR 42842-42844, Tuesday, September 16, 1975) ? responses to comments and changes in the rules for HBA
• Legally Speaking, San Diego Metropolitan Magazine, June '97 by Pamela Lawton Wilson ? some of the legal history of attempts to ban billboards
• METROMEDIA, INC. v. SAN DIEGO, 453 U.S. 490 (1981). ? Supreme Court decision on San Diego billboard ban, decided July 2, 1981.
• SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS IN THE USE OF COMMERCIAL ELECTRONIC VARIABLE-MESSAGE SIGNAGE (Federal Highway Administration Report No. FHWA/RD-80/051) ? study on electronic billboards and accidents
• 15 U.S.C. 36 section 1335 ? "Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act" outlawing cigarette advertisements on television and radio

Billboard galleries and campaigns

• The "God Speaks" billboards
• Ask SAM, Winston-Salem Journal, Jan 29, 2002 – research into the origins of the "God Speaks" campaign
• Ron English billboards – Culture Jamming
• Images of current billboards throughout the U.S.A.
• Foundation For a Better Life