BARK

For other meanings of bark, see Bark (disambiguation).

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Bark is the outermost layer of stems and roots of woody plants such as trees. It overlays the wood and consists of three layers: the cork, the phloem, and the vascular cambium - in other words, most of the stem except for the xylem. (This division may seem arbitrary, but the easiest way to split a stem parallel to its length is by pulling the bark away from the xylem.)

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The vascular cambium is the only part of a woody stem where cell division occurs. It contains undifferentiated cells that divide rapidly to produce secondary xylem to the inside and secondary phloem to the outside.

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Along with the xylem, the phloem is one of the two tissues inside a plant that are involved with fluid transport. Phloem's specific job is the transport of organic molecules - particularly sugars - to wherever they are needed.

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Cork, sometimes confused with bark in colloquial speech, is the outermost layer of a woody stem, derived from the cork cambium. It serves as protection against damage, parasites and diseases, as well as dehydration and extreme temperatures. Cork can contain antiseptics like tannins. Some cork is substantially thicker, providing further insulation and giving the bark a characteristic structure, in some cases thick enough to be harvestable as cork product without killing the tree.

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Among the commercial products made from bark are cork, cinnamon, quinine (from the bark of Cinchona) and aspirin (from the bark of willow trees).

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Stems: REDIRECT Stem...

Roots: Roots is:...

Woody plant: A woody plant is a tree, shrub, or vine. Its stem contains wood....

BARK related Images and Photos (experimental)

Bark	Icey Bark	Bark Lake Sunset	Bark of the Jeffrey Pine (Pinus Jeffreyi) California USA
Gumbo Limbo Tree Bark (Bursera Simaruba) Florida USA	Incense-Cedar Tree Bark (Calocedrus Decurrens) California USA	Bark of the Longleaf Pine Pinus Palustris Southeastern USA	Lenticels on the Bark of a Cherry Tree
Bark of the Quaking Aspen Tree (Populus Tremuloides) Western North America. Note the Lenticels	Pacific Yew Tree Bark Close Up (Taxus Brevifolia) Olympic National Park Washington	Beaver Gnawing Bark of Alder Branch Cut for Food (Castor Canadensis) North America	Close-Up of Rainbow Eucalyptus Tree Bark Eucalyptus Deglupta Australia