Asteraceae

Subfamily Barnadesioideae

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

Subfamily Cichorioideae

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

:Tribe Arctotidae

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

:Tribe Cardueae

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

:Tribe Eremothamneae

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

:Tribe Lactuceae

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

:Tribe Liabeae

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

:Tribe Mutisieae

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

:Tribe Tarchonantheae

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

:Tribe Vernonieae

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

Subfamily Asteriodeae

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

:Tribe Anthemideae

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

:Tribe Astereae

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

:Tribe Calenduleae

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

:Tribe Eupatorieae

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

:Tribe Gnaphalieae

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

:Tribe Helenieae

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

:Tribe Heliantheae

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

:Tribe Inuleae

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

:Tribe Plucheae

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

:Tribe Senecioneae

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

See List of Asteraceae genera

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

The family Asteraceae or, alternatively, family Compositae, known as the aster, daisy or sunflower family, is a taxon of dicotyledonous flowering plants. The family name is derived from the genus Aster and refers to the star-shaped flower head of its members, typified well by the daisy. The Asteraceae is the second largest family in the Division Magnoliophyta, with some 1,100 genera and over 20,000 recognized species. Only the orchid family (Orchidaceae) is larger, with about 25,000 described species.

Related Topics:
Dicotyledonous - Flowering plant - Aster - Star - Daisy - Orchidaceae

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

Plants belonging to the Asteraceae must share ALL the following characteristics (Judd et al., 1999). None of these traits, taken separately, can be considered synapomorphic.

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

• Inflorescence: a capitulum or flower head
• Syngenesious anthers, i.e. with the stames fused together at their edges by the anthers, forming a tube
• Ovary with basal arrangement of the ovules
• Ovules one per ovary
• Pappus (a tuft of hairs on a fruit)
• The fruit is an achene
• Sesquiterpenes present in the essential oils, but iridoids lacking.

The most common characteristic of all these plants, is that what in common parlance might be called a "flower", is an inflorescence or flower head; a densely packed cluster of many small, individual flowers, usually called florets (meaning "small flowers").

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

Plants in the family Asteraceae typically have one or both of two kinds of florets. The outer perimeter of a flower head like that of a sunflower is composed of florets possessing a long strap-like petal, termed a ligule; these are the ray florets. The inner portion of the flower head (or disc) is composed of small flowers with tubular corollas; these are the disc florets. The composition of asteraceous inflorescences varies from all ray flowers (like dandelions, genus Taraxacum) to all disc flowers (like pineapple weeds).

Related Topics:
Sunflower - Petal - Dandelion - Pineapple weed

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

The composite nature of the inflorescences of these plants led early taxonomists to call this family the Compositae. Although the rules governing naming conventions for plant families state that the name should come from the type genus, in this case Aster and thus Asteraceae. However, the long prevailing name Compositae is also authorized as an alternative family name (ICBN Art. 18.6).

Related Topics:
Type genus - ICBN

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

The numerous genera are divided into about 13 tribes. Only one of these, Lactuceae, is considered distinct enough to be a subfamily (subfamily Cichorioideae); the remainer, which are mostly overlapping, are put in the subfamily Asteroideae (Wagner, Herbst, and Sohmer, 1990).

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

 
Asteraceae: Uses ►