Appendicitis

Appendicitis is a condition characterised by inflammation of the appendix. While mild cases may resolve without treatment, many require laparotomy with removal of the inflamed appendix. Untreated, mortality is high, mainly due to peritonitis and shock when the inflamed appendix ruptures.

Signs, symptoms and findings

The pain of appendicitis usually starts centrally (periumbilical) before localising to the right iliac fossa (the lower right side of the abdomen). There is usually associated anorexia (loss of appetite). Fever is usually present. Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea may or may not occur, but make the diagnosis more likely.

Related Topics:
Pain - Right iliac fossa - Anorexia - Fever - Nausea - Vomiting - Diarrhea

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There is typically pain and tenderness in the right iliac fossa. Rebound tenderness may be present suggesting that there is some element of peritoneal irritation. If the abdomen is guarded, there should be a strong suspicion of peritonitis requiring urgent surgical intervention.

Related Topics:
Rebound tenderness - Peritoneal

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