Apollo 8

Apollo 8 was the second manned mission of the Apollo space program that was launched. Commander Frank Borman, Command Module Pilot James Lovell and Lunar Module Pilot William Anders became the first humans to travel beyond Earth orbit and into an orbit around the Moon. It was also the first manned launch of the Saturn V rocket.

Crew

• Frank Borman (flew on Gemini 7 & Apollo 8), commander
• James Lovell (flew on Gemini 7, Gemini 12, Apollo 8 & Apollo 13), command module pilot
• William Anders (flew on Apollo 8), lunar module pilot

Backup crew

The backup crew trained to take the place of the prime crew in case of illness or death.

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• Neil Armstrong, commander
• Edwin E. Aldrin, command module pilot
• Fred Haise, lunar module pilot

Support crew

The support crew were not trained to fly the mission but were able to stand in for astronauts in meetings and be involved in the minutiae of mission planning, while the prime and backup crews trained. They often also served as capcoms during the mission.

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• John Bull
• Vance Brand
• Gerald Carr
• Ken Mattingly