Antipope

An antipope is one whose claim to being Pope is the result of a disputed or contested election. These antipopes were usually in opposition to a specific person chosen by the papal electors (since the Middle Ages, the College of Cardinals). Some self-appointed leaders of smaller churches are also called "antipopes."

List of antipopes

• St. Hippolytus (reconciled with Pope St. Pontian and died as martyr to the church), 217–235
• Novatian, 251–258
• Felix II (confused with a martyr with the same name and thus considered an authentic pope until recently), 355–365
• Ursicinus (Ursinus), 366–367
• Eulalius, 418–419
• Laurentius, 498–499, 501–506
• Dioscorus (legitimate perhaps as opposed to Boniface II but died 22 days after election), 530
• Theodore (II) (opposed to antipope Paschal), 687
• Paschal (I) (opposed to antipope Theodore), 687
• Theofylact, 757
• Constantine II, 767–768
• Philip (replaced antipope Constantine II briefly; reigned for a day and then returned to his monastery), 768
• John VIII, 844
• Anastasius III Bibliothecarius, 855
• Christopher, 903–904
• Boniface VII, 974, 984–985
• John Filagatto (John XVI), 997–998
• Gregory VI, 1012
• Sylvester III, 1045
• John Mincius (Benedict X), 1058–1059
• Pietro Cadalus (Honorius II), 1061–1064
• Guibert of Ravenna (Clement III), 1080 & 1084–1100
• Theodoric, 1100–1101
• Adalbert, 1101
• Maginulf (Sylvester IV), 1105–1111
• Maurice Burdanus (Gregory VIII), 1118–1121
• Thebaldus Buccapecuc (Celestine II) (legitimate but submitted to opposing pope, Honorius II and afterwards considered an antipope), 1124
• Pietro Pierleoni (Anacletus II), 1130–1138
• Gregorio Conti (Victor IV), 1138
• Ottavio di Montecelio (Victor IV), 1159–1164
• Guido di Crema (Paschal III), 1164–1168
• Giovanni of Struma (Callixtus III), 1168–1178
• Lanzo of Sezza (Innocent III), 1179–1180
• Pietro Rainalducci (Nicholas V), antipope in Rome, 1328–1330
• Robert of Geneva (Clement VII), antipope of the Avignon line, 20 September 1378 – 16 September 1394
• Pedro de Luna (Benedict XIII), antipope of the Avignon line, 1394–1423
• Pietro Philarghi Alexander V, antipope of the Pisan line, 1409–1410
• Baldassare Cosa John XXIII, antipope of the Pisan line, 1410–1415
• Gil Sánchez Muñoz (Clement VIII), antipope of the Avignon line, 1423–1429
• Bernard Garnier (the first Benedict XIV), antipope of the Avignon line, 1425–c. 1429
• Jean Carrier (the second Benedict XIV), antipope of the Avignon line, 1430–1437?
• Duke Amadeus VIII of Savoy (Felix V), 5 November 1439 – 7 April 1449