Aniline

Aniline, phenylamine or aminobenzene ({{carbon}}{{sub|6}}{{hydrogen}}{{sub|5}}{{nitrogen}}{{hydrogen}}{{sub|2}}) is an organic chemical compound which is a primary aromatic amine consisting of a benzene ring and an amino group. The chemical structure of aniline is shown at the right.

Synthesis

Aniline can be produced from benzene in two steps. First, benzene is nitrated (reacted with nitric acid, a form of electrophilic substitution reaction) to give nitrobenzene. Second, the nitrobenzene is reduced to give aniline. A variety of reducing agents are effective for the reduction, including H2 (with a catalyst), hydrogen sulfide, iron, zinc, or tin.

Related Topics:
Benzene - Nitric acid - Electrophilic substitution - Nitrobenzene - Reduced - H₂ - Hydrogen sulfide - Iron - Zinc - Tin

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

Many derivatives of aniline can be prepared similarly.

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~