Andre Norton

Science fiction and fantasy author Andre Alice Norton (February 17, 1912 – March 17, 2005) was born Alice Mary Norton in Cleveland, Ohio. She published her first novel in 1934. She was the first woman to receive the Gandalf Grand Master Award from the World Science Fiction Society in 1977, and she won the Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master Award from the SFWA in 1983.

Biography

The parents of Alice Mary Norton were Adalbert Freely Norton, owner of a rug company, and Bertha Stemm. She began writing at the Collinwood High School in Cleveland, under the tutelage of Miss Sylvia Cochrane. She was the editor of a literary page in the school's paper for which she wrote short stories. During this time she wrote her first book—Ralestone Luck, which would eventually find its way to publication as her second novel in 1938, the first being The Prince Commands in 1934.

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Collinwood High School - Cleveland - 1938 - 1934

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After graduating from the High School in 1930, Norton continued her education at the Flora Stone Mather College of Western Reserve University.

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1930 - Flora Stone Mather College - Western Reserve University

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In 1932 she began working for the Cleveland Library System and remained there for 18 years, latterly in the children's section of the Nottingham Branch Library in Cleveland.

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1932 - Cleveland Library System

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In 1934, she legally changed her name to Andre Alice Norton; a change made in order to appeal to a predominantly male audience and to increase her marketability.

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From 1940 to 1941, she worked as a special librarian in the cataloguing department of the Library of Congress, involved in a project related to alien citizenship. The project was abruptly terminated at the start of World War II.

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1940 - 1941 - Library of Congress - World War II

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In 1941 she took ownership of a bookstore called the Mystery House, in Mount Ranier, Maryland, USA. The business proved to be a failure and she returned to the Cleveland Public Library until 1950, when she began working as a reader for Martin Greenberg at Gnome Press, where she remained until 1958, after which she became a full-time professional author.

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1941 - Mount Ranier - Maryland - USA - 1950 - Gnome Press - 1958

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In later years her health became uncertain; Norton was forced to move to Florida in November 1966 and thence to Murfreesboro, Tennessee. From February 21, 2005, she was under hospice care, with her health in precipitous decline. She died on March 17, 2005, peacefully in her own home, with her friend and her cats at her side.

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1966 - Murfreesboro, Tennessee - February 21 - 2005 - Hospice - March 17

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Her final complete novel, Three Hands for Scorpio, was published on April 1, 2005.

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On February 20, 2005, the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America, which had earlier honored her with its Grand Master Award in 1983, announced the creation of the Andre Norton Award, which will be given each year for an outstanding work of fantasy or science fiction for the young adult market, starting in 2006. The eligibility requirements and award procedures will be the same as those for the other Nebula Awards.

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February 20 - 2005 - Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America - Grand Master - 1983 - Andre Norton Award - Young adult - 2006 - Nebula Award

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Often called the Grande Dame of Science Fiction and Fantasy by biographers such as J.M Cornwell and organizations such as Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America, Publishers Weekly and Time, Andre Norton wrote novels for over 70 years. She had a profound influence on the entire genre, having over 100 published books read by at least 4 generations of science fiction and fantasy authors. Notable authors who cite her influence include Greg Bear, Lois McMaster Bujold, C.J. Cherryh, Cecilia Dart-Thornton, Tanya Huff, Mercedes Lackey, Charles de Lint, Joan D. Vinge, David Weber and K. D. Wentworth.

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Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America - Publishers Weekly - Greg Bear - Lois McMaster Bujold - C.J. Cherryh - Cecilia Dart-Thornton - Tanya Huff - Mercedes Lackey - Charles de Lint - Joan D. Vinge - David Weber - K. D. Wentworth

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Andre Norton also wrote under the noms de plume of Andrew North and Allen Weston.

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