Aerodynamics

Aerodynamics is a branch of fluid dynamics concerned with the study of gas flows, first analysed by George Cayley in the 1800s. The solution of an aerodynamic problem normally involves calculating for various properties of the flow, such as velocity, pressure, density, and temperature, as a function of space and time. Understanding the flow pattern makes it possible to calculate or approximate the forces and moments acting on bodies in the flow. This mathematical analysis and empirical approximation form the scientific basis for heavier-than-air flight.

Aerodynamic forces on aircraft

One of the major goals of aerodynamics is to predict the aerodynamic forces on aircraft.

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The four basic forces that act on a powered aircraft are lift, weight, thrust, and drag.

Related Topics:
Lift - Weight - Thrust - Drag

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Weight is the force due to gravity and thrust is the force generated by the engine. Lift and drag are forces due to the motion of the vehicle through the air. Lift is defined as the aerodynamic force acting perpendicular to the relative airflow and drag is defined as the aerodynamic force acting parallel to the relative airflow. Lift is positive upwards and drag is positive rearwards.

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