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Abwehr


 

The Abwehr was a German intelligence organization from 1921 to 1944. The word Abwehren means "to ward off", implying counterespionage; this term was used as a concession to Allied demands that Germany's post-World War I intelligence activities be for "defensive" purposes only. After February 4, 1938, its name in full was Amt Ausland/Abwehr im Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (Foreign Bureau/Defence of the Armed Forces High Command).

Chiefs of the Abwehr

  • Col. Friedrich Gempp (1921-1927)
  • Major Günther Schwantes (1927-1929)
  • Lt. Col. Ferdinand von Bredow (1929-1932)
  • Rear Adm. Konrad Patzig {1932-1935)
  • Vice Adm. Wilhelm Canaris (1935-1944)