1905 - What happened in 1905 ?

January 1905

Monday 02:

Russo-Japanese War: The Russian fleet surrenders at Port Arthur, China.

Monday 09:

According to the Julian Calendar which was used at the time, Russian workers stage a march on the Winter Palace that ends in the massacre by Czarist troops known as Bloody Sunday, setting off the Russian Revolution of 1905.

Sunday 22:

'Bloody Sunday' in St. Petersburg, beginning of the 1905 revolution.

Thursday 26:

The Cullinan Diamond is found near Pretoria, South Africa at the Premier Mine.

February 1905

Saturday 11:

Pope Pius X publishes the encyclical Vehementer nos.

Thursday 23:

Chicago, Illinois attorney Paul Harris and three other businessmen meet for lunch to form the Rotary Club, the world's first service club.

March 1905

Friday 03:

Tsar Nicholas II of Russia agrees to create an elected assembly (the Duma).

Sunday 05:

Russian troops begin to retreat from Mukden, Manchuria after losing 100,000 troops in three days.

April 1905

Tuesday 04:

In India, an earthquake near Kangra kills 370,000.

May 1905

Monday 15:

Las Vegas, Nevada, is founded when 110 acres (0.4 km²), in what later would become downtown, are auctioned off.

Saturday 27:

Russo-Japanese War: The Battle of Tsushima begins.

Sunday 28:

Russo-Japanese War: The Battle of Tsushima ends with the destruction of the Russian Baltic Fleet by Admiral Togo Heihachiro and the Imperial Japanese Navy.

June 1905

Wednesday 07:

Norway declares the union with Sweden dissolved.

Wednesday 14:

Battleship Potemkin uprising: Sailors start a mutiny aboard the Battleship Potemkin, denouncing the crimes of autocracy, demanding liberty and an end to war. (See also Eisenstein's classic film on the subject, The Battleship Potemkin).

Thursday 15:

Princess Margaret of Connaught marries Gustav, Crown Prince of Sweden.

Tuesday 27:

Mutiny on the battleship Potemkin.

Thursday 29:

Moonlight Graham makes his only major league baseball appearance, in a game between the New York Giants and the Brooklyn Superbas but gets no at-bat.

July 1905

Thursday 06:

Alfred Deakin becomes Prime Minister of Australia for the second time.

August 1905

Thursday 10:

Russian and Japanese peace negotiations begin in Portsmouth.

Sunday 13:

Norway holds referendum in favour of dissolving the union with Sweden.

September 1905

Friday 01:

Alberta and Saskatchewan join the Canadian confederation.

Tuesday 05:

Russo-Japanese War: In New Hampshire, USA, the Treaty of Portsmouth, a treaty mediated by US President Theodore Roosevelt, is signed by victor Japan and defeated party Russia.

Saturday 23:

Norway and Sweden sign the "Karlstad treaty", officially ending the Union between the two countries peacfully.

Wednesday 27:

Albert Einstein publishes the paper "Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?" in Annalen der Physik. This paper revealed the relationship between energy and mass.

October 1905

Thursday 05:

Wilbur Wright pilots Wright Flyer III in a flight of 24 miles in 39 minutes. A world record that stands until 1908.

Thursday 26:

Norway becomes independent from Sweden

Monday 30:

Tsar Nicholas II of Russia grants Russia's first constitution, creating a legislative assembly.

November 1905

Sunday 12:

(November 12 & 13) Norway holds referendum in favour of monarchy over republic.

Saturday 18:

Prince Carl of Denmark becomes King Haakon VII of Norway.

Saturday 25:

Haakon VII arrives in Norway.

Tuesday 28:

Irish nationalist Arthur Griffith founds Sinn Féin as a political party whose goal is the independence for all of Ireland.

December 1905

Saturday 09:

Law separating church and state passed in France