18 Brumaire

18 Brumaire, the coup of 18 Brumaire or sometimes simply Brumaire refers to the coup d'état by which General Napoleon Bonaparte overthrew the government of the Directory to replace it by the Consulate. This occurred on 9 November 1799, which was 18 Brumaire in the year VIII under the French Republican Calendar.

Related Topics:
Coup d'état - Napoleon Bonaparte - Directory - Consulate - 9 November - 1799 - French Republican Calendar

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The name, already well-established in common use, was reinforced by the title of Karl Marx's The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte (Der achtzehnte Brumaire des Louis Bonaparte, 1852), an account of 2 December 1851 coup by Napoleon's nephew which begins with the much-quoted "Hegel remarks somewhere that all great world-historic facts and personages appear, so to speak, twice. He forgot to add: the first time as tragedy, the second time as farce."

Related Topics:
Karl Marx - The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte - 1852 - 2 December - 1851 - Napoleon's nephew

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